1 Then the Israelites journeyed on and camped in
the plains of Moab along the Jordan opposite Jericho.
The story of Balaam
2 Now Balak, the son of Zippor, saw all that the Israelites had done to the
Amorites.
3 And the Moabites were afraid of Israel, because they were a very numerous
people. In fact, they were terrified.
4 So the Moabites said to the elders of Midian, ¡°Look, this horde is
destroying every thing around us as easily as the ox eats the grass of the
field.¡±
So Balak, son of Zippor, king of Moab at the time,
5 sent messengers to summon Balaam, son of Beor, at Pethor near the river in
the land of the Amo nites. Balak said, ¡°A people has come out of Egypt; they
cover the face of the earth and are settling opposite me.
6 Come and put a curse on these people because they are too powerful for me.
Then perhaps I may be able to defeat them and drive them out of the land,
for I well know that those you bless are indeed blessed and those you curse
are cursed.¡±
7 The elders of Moab and Midian set out, taking with them the fee for
divination. They went to Balaam and gave him Balak¡¯s message.
8 Bala am said to them, ¡°Stay here tonight and I will give you whatever
answer Yahweh will have given me.¡± So the Moabite elders stayed in Balaam¡¯s
house.
9 God came to Balaam and asked him, ¡°Who are these men with you?¡±
10 Balaam said to God, ¡°Balak, son of Zippor, king of Moab, sent them to me
with this message:
11 A people has come out of Egypt and covers the face of the earth. Now come
and put a curse on them for me. Perhaps I shall then be able to fight and
drive them away.¡±
12 But God said to Balaam, ¡°Do not go with them; you must not put a curse on
them because they are blessed.¡±
13 Next morning Balaam got up and said to the elders of Balak, ¡°Return to
your country for Yahweh has refused to let me go with you.¡±
14 So the Moabite elders returned to Balak and said, ¡°Balaam refused to come
with us.¡±
15 Balak sent other leaders, more numerous and more distinguished than the
first.
16 They went to Ba laam and said, ¡°This is what Balak, son of Zippor says:
Do not refuse to come to me;
17 I will greatly honor you; whatever you ask of me I will do for you.
Please come and lay a curse on this people for me.¡±
18 Balaam answered the servants of Balak, ¡°Even if Balak gave me his house
full of silver and gold I could not do anything great or small beyond the
command of Yahweh, my God.
19 Now you, too, stay here tonight as the others did, till I wait for what
else Yahweh may tell me.¡±
20 God came to Balaam at night and said, ¡°If these men have come to summon
you, go with them, but you may only do what I tell you.¡±
21 Ba laam got up next morning, saddled his donkey and went with the Moabite
leaders.
Balaam¡¯s donkey
22 But the anger of God was aroused because of his going and Yahweh¡¯s angel
posted himself on the road, a drawn sword in his hand. Balaam was riding on
the donkey and his two boys were with him.
23 When the donkey saw the angel, she turned off the road and went into the
field. Then Balaam hit the donkey to get her back on to the road.
24 But the angel of Yahweh stood on a narrow lane between vineyards with a
stone wall in either side.
25 When the don key saw the angel of Yahweh, she shrank against the wall
crushing Balaam¡¯s foot against it so he beat her again.
26 Then Yahweh¡¯s angel went ahead and stopped at a narrow place where there
was no room to go either to the right or left.
27 When the donkey saw Yahweh¡¯s angel there, she lay down under Balaam; he
was angry and beat her with a stick.
28 But now Yahweh opened the mouth of the donkey and she said to Balaam,
¡°What have I done to you to make you beat me three times?¡±
29 Ba laam answered, ¡°You have made a fool of me. If I had a sword just now
I would kill you.¡±
30 And the donkey said to Ba laam, ¡°Am I not your own donkey that you have
ridden to this day? Have I ever dared to do this to you?¡± He said, ¡°No!¡±
31 Then Yahweh opened Bala am¡¯s eyes and he saw Yahweh¡¯s angel standing on
the road with a drawn sword. He bowed and fell downward, his face to the
ground.
32 Yahweh¡¯s angel said to him, ¡°Why did you strike your donkey three times?
I have come here to oppose you be cause you are going a wrong way.
33 The donkey saw me and turned away three times. Otherwise I would have
killed you, but not her.¡±
34 And Balaam said to Yahweh¡¯s angel, ¡°I did not want to sin. I did not know
you were posted against me on the road. But if this journey displeases you I
will go back.¡±
35 Yahweh¡¯s angel said to Bala am, ¡°Go with these men, but you may say only
what I tell you.¡± So Balaam went on with Balak¡¯s men.
Balaam and Balak
36 When Balak heard that Balaam had come, he went to meet him at the
boundary city of Moab on the Arnon border.
37 Then Balak said to Balaam, ¡°I sent an urgent summons to you; why didn¡¯t
you come? Did you think I would not pay you well enough?¡±
38 Balaam then said to Balak, ¡°Now I have come to you; but what can I say?
Only what Yahweh puts on my lips.¡±
39 So Balaam went with Balak and they came to Kiriath-huzoth.
40 There Ba lak sacrificed cattle and sheep and gave some to Balaam and the
leaders who were with him.
41 Next morning Balak took Balaam up to the high places of Baal and from
there he saw some of the people of Israel.
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Comments Numbers, Chapter 22
• 22.2 Here begins the very meaningful story of Balaam, developed in the
form of a le gend (about Balaam, see commentary on Gen 32:22). When they set
out on the way to freedom, the people of God faced several enemies, as well
as their own cowardice about the sacrifices asked of them. But an even
greater danger threatens them now without their knowing it: Balaam has been
called and paid to bring curses upon them. Everyone knows, though we may use
more modern words to express this curse¡ªthat our own demons can lead us to
disaster: radicalization of conflicts, refusal of risk and sins against
life.
Later, God will remind the Israelites of the way he protected them in the
Balaam incident: not only did God shield them from their visible human
enemies, but also from invisible ones which neither ordinary people nor
rulers could foresee or detain (see Jos 24:9 and Mic 6:5).
I did not want to sin, I did not know you were posted against me on the road
(22:34). What a likable sorcerer Balaam is. He is obstinate in his wicked
project until he discovers that God himself blocks the way!